Credits

voXel uses no third-party code libraries. It does stand on a lot of other people's work, and this page lists it.

3D Slicer

The CT presets in Volume come from 3D Slicer, copied point for point from its volume rendering presets. MR and MR angiography are modified versions of Slicer's MR-Default and MR-Angio, changed because MR has no fixed scale. 3D Slicer and The Brigham and Women's Hospital do not endorse voXel.

All or portions of this licensed product (such portions are the "Software") have been obtained under license from The Brigham and Women's Hospital, Inc. and are subject to the following terms and conditions: the 3D Slicer Contribution and Software License Agreement. The full text is also in the app, under About, then Acknowledgements.

Standards

voXel reads and writes these from their published specifications:

  • DICOM (NEMA PS3), including the basic de-identification profile in PS3.15. Details are in the conformance statement.
  • JPEG baseline and lossless JPEG (ITU-T T.81), and JPEG-LS (ITU-T T.87), which is LOCO-I by Weinberger, Seroussi and Sapiro.
  • ZIP (PKWARE's APPNOTE), DEFLATE (RFC 1951) and RAR 5 (RARLAB's technical note).
  • STL, Wavefront OBJ, 3MF (3MF Consortium) and USDZ (Pixar's Universal Scene Description).
  • Anki's deck package format.

Methods

  • Volume rendering by ray casting, after Marc Levoy's "Display of surfaces from volume data" (1988).
  • Surfaces by marching tetrahedra, on the Freudenthal split of each cube.
  • Surface smoothing by Gabriel Taubin's method, from "A signal processing approach to fair surface design" (1995).
  • Outline simplification by the Douglas-Peucker algorithm (1973).
  • Highlight's fill between slices, which follows 3D Slicer's tool of that name.

Testing

  • The TotalSegmentator dataset by Jakob Wasserthal and colleagues (CC BY 4.0), used to tune and check the aorta, airway and lung searches.
  • Christoph Gohlke's imagecodecs-samples (CC BY 4.0), used to check the decoders.
  • CharLS, the JPEG-LS reference decoder, which voXel's decoder was compared with frame by frame.
  • numpy, scipy and pydicom, in the Python versions every algorithm is written in first.

Fonts

This site uses Albert Sans and Alumni Sans, both under the SIL Open Font License. The app uses Apple's system font and SF Symbols.